The purpose of this assignment is for the student to learn some basic linux commands necessary for survival. Specifically, viewing a file's contents, basic directory commands, and simple man pages.
The tables below summarize the commands you need to know to get started (and to do today's assignment).
Step One: Read through Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 to learn about basic utilities and the linux file system.
Step Two: Experiment with each of these commands:
mkdir
rmdir
cd
ls
pwd
cat
head
more
rm
cp
who
date
cal
man
Step Four: Create a log file (see script command in lab one) showing how to do each of
the following tasks:
1 - type the command whoami
2 - create a new directory named lab2
3 - change directories into lab2
4 - list all files, even hidden files (directory should be blank)
5 - create a new file that contains the calendar for this month
6 - list all files again, even hidden files (there should be just one file)
7 - display the entire contents of that new file
8 - delete the file
9 - ask the system when is easter in 2012
10 - aks the system for today's date
End the log file.
Print the log file and turn it in at the beginning of the next lab period.
| mkdir xyz | make the directory xyz |
| cd xyz | change directory, down into xyz |
| cd .. | go up one directory level |
| cd ~ | go to your home directory |
| cd ~dannellys2 | go to dannelly's home directory |
| ls | list the contents of current directory |
| ls -a | directory listing, including all hidden files |
| ls -l | directory listing, show permission, edits dates, etc. |
| ls -al | really long directory listing |
| cp file1 file2 | make a copy of file1 named file2 |
| cat myfile | show contents of myfile |
| more myfile | show contents of myfile one screen at a time |
| head myfile | show the top 10 lines of myfile |
| rm myfile | remove myfile (delete it permanently) |
| rm * | remove all files in current directory |
| rm -i * | interactive removal - ask yes/no for each file |
| ls > bob | redirect directory listing into the file named bob |
| who | users logged into this machine |
| date | today's date |
| cal | calendar (many options) |
| man -k calendar | list manual pages related to calendar |
| man cal | manual page for the "cal" command |
| exit | logout of system |
| logout | logout of system |
| ctrl-d | logout of system |
| ctrl-c | kill the running program |
Note: Accidental file removal is a common problem. I highly recommend that you edit the .bashrc in your home directory to include the line alias "rm=rm -i" Be sure to add that line after the first line of the file and before that odd looking if statement (if you have such).